Present simple

Il present simple si usa:

  • Per esprimere abitudini, azioni generalmente valide, azioni ripetute o situazioni immutevoli, emozioni e desideri:
    I smoke (abitudine); I work in London (situazione immutevole); London is a large city (dichiarazione generalmente valida)
  • Per dare istruzioni o direzioni:
    You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left.
  • Per esprimere un impegno prefissato, presente o futuro:
    Your exam starts at 09.00
  • Per esprimere il futuro, dopo alcune congiunzioni: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
    He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
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Attenzione! Il present simple non si usa per esprimere azioni che si svolgono nel momento in cui si parla.

Esempi

  • Abitudini
    He drinks tea at breakfast.
    She only eats fish.
    They watch television regularly.
  • Azioni o avvenimenti ripetuti
    We catch the bus every morning.
    It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
    They drive to Monaco every summer.
  • Per qualcosa di generalmente valido
    Water freezes at zero degrees.
    The Earth revolves around the Sun.
    Her mother is Peruvian.
  • Per istruzioni o direzioni
    Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
    You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford.
  • Per accordi prestabiliti
    His mother arrives tomorrow.
    Our holiday starts on the 26th March
  • Per esprimere il futuro
    She'll see you before she leaves.
    We'll give it to her when she arrives.

Come si forma il present simple: to think

Affermativa Interrogativa Negativa
I think Do I think? I do not think
You think Do you think? You do not think
He thinks Does he think? He does not think
She thinks Does she think? She does not think
It thinks Does it think? It does not think
We think Do we think? We do not think.
They think Do they think? They do not think.

Note sul present simple alla terza persona singolare

  • Alla terza persona singolare, i verbi terminano sempre in -s:
    he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks.
  • Le forme negative e interrogative usano il DOES (= la terza persona singolare dell'ausiliare 'DO') + il verbo alla forma base.
    He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla.
  • I verbi che terminano in -y: alla terza persona la -y diventa -ies:
    fly --> flies, cry --> cries
    Eccezione: in caso di vocale prima della -y:
    play --> plays, pray --> prays
  • Aggiungere -es ai verbi che terminano in:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
    he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
Esempi
  • He goes to school every morning.
  • She understands English.
  • It mixes the sand and the water.
  • He tries very hard.
  • She enjoys playing the piano.
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